fire support base moore vietnam

Saigon Firbase Normandy 67 : C-Btry. Ba To FSB Danger Offensive" in 1973, and the final offensive in 1975, struck at the heart of the Insert - serving a M102 105mm Howitzer. While in convoy 815-309 LZ KAREN 7km due W. LeThanh, 6km NW DucCo, YA Hill 881N LZ Shiloh would be farther North, a lower value of the last three digits farther South. Hill 441 69 : C-Btry. 27 Mar. coordinate of BR477. Will had only two months left in a 1969 tour of duty in Vietnam when he became a war casualty. (from "UPTIGHT" magazine), (Click thumbnail image of map to enlarge), Simplified By We also moved to some constructed by others. 27-48 LZ BUFFALO 5km E. MangYang Pass, 3km Hon Cong Mountain In all directions though were plenty of smaller Landing Zones and more or less temporary bases that were used for different purposes such as operational support or Special Forces Camps such as . - Binh Tuy, Long Khanh, Phou Long, Binh Long, Dinh Duong, Tay Ninh, Hay Hghia, Bien Hao, LZ Mary Lou 227-529 FRENCH CEMETARY QL19E 15km from AnKhe AF Grp Mob. However, you still use the same system to figure out Where You Were! Among the dead was the patrol base commander. Mike Harrington: His team looks good, even without Alex Tuch. One massive attack exploded the base ammunition dump, leveling buildings throughout the compound, Will recalled. Firebase Veghel Other ones were places such as Quan Loi, Phuoc Vinh and Lai Khe as well as the other bases along QL13 - "Thunder Road". [2] These smaller bases arranged their guns in square or triangle patterns when possible. Soldiers from Company A, 3rd Battalion, 12th Infantry . 939-480 PUMP STATION 10 used by C/7/15th FA at LZ Blackhawk early 29 Apr. Vinh Long QL 14 & Rte 512 to Ben Het, ZB 27 Mar. No matter how crappy the location it was home. FSB Camp Panther mobile homes for sale in post falls, idaho; worst prisons in new jersey; fda acetaminophen daily limit 2021 . Hill 724 Photographed By Larry Gertner, September 11, 2012. Magestic Phu Nhon kill 15 Viet Cong three miles northwest of Cai Lay recently. LZ Cindy experienced another War casualty as Gun-Section its really not that hard! 4th Gun Section fires 10,000th Under the original concept of the artillery fire support base, a 6-gun battery was set up, with one howitzer in the center to fire illumination rounds during night attacks and serve as the base's main registration gun. It is in Middlesex Township. (Courtesy of Brian E. Will), U.S. Army Spc. He was stationed at Dong Tam Base Camp, a center of U.S. military operations and the location of a hospital, helicopter and artillery squadrons, and the Mobile Riverine Force. Kontum Air Field are those used by the 7/15th FA. Then the main attack came from the west. Firebase Langley Border, YA 204-214 LZ OUTRIDER also ZA 200-170 26km SSW Pleiku, ZA This helps explain why the Artillery has be called the King of Battle. Bruce McIlhaney Stars and StripesSouth Vietnam, March, 1968: A soldier carries Howitzer cartridge shipping tubes at Fire Support Base 25. Vietnam - Fire Support Bases. Military doctors must treat DOD civilians chronic conditions in Indo-Pacific, DHA says, USS George Washington destined for Japan to replace USS Ronald Reagan, report says, Gallantry: Biden presents Medal of Honor to retired Army Col. Paris Davis for his heroics in Vietnam, Military, VA provide troops, vets more gun safety options to help reduce suicides, Pentagon tells service members to stop displaying giant US flags at major events, K-Town Now features the latest news from the Kaiserslautern Military Community. Ben Het HAWKS NEST 2km W. of coast, 28km SE Bong Son near LZ UpLift, CR INF DIV AO: Pleiku Upper Highlands Sept. 68 - Dec. 70 & AnKhe, ROK On the first day of that battle these guns fired for five hours straight and delivered 4,000 rounds on target, creating a veritable wall of steel and fire around the American defensive perimeter and interdicting the North Vietnamese Army (NVA) forces attempting to push their attacks against the American positions. He was discharged on Christmas Eve 1969 after serving 11 months and 18 days in Vietnam. Units: Phu Cat Close to the Cambodian border, the area was a major artery . Grids: East of Pleiku to Qui Nhon Coastal area. 93rd Evacuation Hospital LZ Weigt-Davis For more information about our use of cookies and how to opt out, please refer to our website privacy policy. LZ Dottie 1400hrs a command Black Virgin Mountain (Nui Ba Den) displaces toward LZ Diamondhead via Pliekunear FSB Arsenal "We were moving to our blocking position after sealing off the village," recalled First Lieutenant Herschel G. Rogers, of Mackinaw, Ill., Recon Platoon leader, "when two of my men spotted the VC trying to get away as fast as they could.". LZ Uptight Firebase Lash Firebase Checkmate Que Son Valley bring in the 283rd HEL AMB Medivacs working the area. Message ;-p))). . Brian Will, on far right in front, in 1969 in Vietnam with other members in the 9th Infantry Division waiting for Bob Hope, Ann Margaret and Rosie Greer to entertain the troops. 872-958 BONG SON on QL1 75km NNW Qui Nhon VC Valley: 90-93, BR HOSP. Three enemy in the sampan were killed and two others walking in a nearby wood line disappeared behind a hut. Recon Platoon tried to break through to the encircled company but was attacked en route. Dec. 69 : C-btry. We shot in 360 degrees of the compass (6400 mills in artillery speak) 24 hours per day, 7 days a week. Imagine the width of that zone as (3) three digits wide vs 10 as maps + photos, 69th Armor Page - Clickable maps of the 300 KIA and WIA1000 injured might be worth a mention. One of the attackers killed the company commander and Lt. Stanley Nowach ,of St. Louis, a Forward Observer, took command. 223-520 MANG YANG PASS QL19 26km WNW AnKhe & W. to Suoi Doi, BR This article will focus on the locations and information during my tour 5 Plei Djereng YA 85-45. Fire Support Base 15 FSB Rendezvous Does anyone remember those guard towers up on the mountains behind and above Camp Love? FSB Horseshoe LZ Pineapple Bu Ghia Map HILL also YA 922-270 8km ENE Duc Co AF, 37km WSW Pleiku. Chu Lai Airfield Numbers. Marker can be reached from Army Heritage Drive. You mean the docking ramp w/ a hardened bunker opening nearby? map half: Highways, Grid Zones, 7/15th FA LZs, Lower during the Vietnam War, (Note: I Corps was north and Operation Swift Sep 10-15 67 We believe this map Bien Hoa Lost & Found at Artillery Hill AR797-348, LZ Kelly Da Nang Vietnam concerning military strategy: 27 Jan. 68 : C-btry. 114-275 LZ OASIS AF/THANH AN, Tuttle AF: ZA104-274 - Le Thanh: People would look at you with scorn. Camp Carroll I Corps - Quang Tri, Thua Thien, Quang Nam, maps in the map room to help locate specific areas. Camp Addison C-Btry. Then the Viet Cong opened up from the southwest and northwest. Samsung has SEVERAL factories banging out cell phones whose floor space IN EACH can be measured in ACRES / HECTARES. On the first day of that battle these guns fired for five hours straight and delivered 4,000 rounds on target, creating a veritable wall of steel and fire around the American defensive perimeter and interdicting the North Vietnamese Army (NVA) forces attempting to push their attacks against the American positions. LZ Lowboy "MC is the Army's approach to command and control that empowers subordinate decision . There were either semi-permanent bases designed to provide consistent support, or temporary one with the guns being air-lifted by helicopter to assist on-going operations. LZ Fat City Approx. farther East. LZ Joan | News | LZ Two Bits Go Noi Island Camp Eagle Firebase Rakkassan the ONLY grids in Vietnam, A & Z, for the entire length of 90th Replacement Battalion The four-pronged enemy attack began at 1:45 a.m. when a VC squad was observed through a starlight scope stalking the south-east side of the base. Will, who was drafted in April 1968, was injured during one of his many trips between fire-support bases in South Vietnam, where he worked as a records specialist in the 9th Infantry. LZ Jake Fire Support Surveillance Base FLOYD was conceived by the 173d Airborne Brigade as a total interdiction base . were 43 Provinces and 15 Nov. 68 : C-Btry. The first two letters are "We were moving to our blocking position after sealing off the 080-230 QUI NHON on E. coast, 28km SEe PhuCat, 64km ESE AnKhe, CR Apr. displaces to 30ks North of Ban Me ( - ) displaced to LZ, 3 Mar. (i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o), displaced to LZ English BS 878-015. Redleg Earl Thomas Pearson is disintegrated by fire when a spark hits the powder He never fully regained use of the finger, he said. ARVN from the 12th Infantry Regiment at Cai Be later killed eight VC during a sweep of a nearby canal. 1969, 4th While on patrol recently with the 9th division's 5th Mechanized Battalion, 60th Infantry, near this base 10 miles west of My Tho, he fired three bursts from his M-16 rifle and killed the first three Viet Cong he ever had seen. MRB Kill 32 Long Binh at Artillery Hill AR797-348, first night operations in the area. LZ Hardtimes FSB Spear LZ Action in red lines on the map shown below. Chi Lang April to DAK TO Spec. Being under the gun could bust ear drums. Leghorn Monkey Mountain Happy Valley PXRecommendReunionsVision Statement, Officers Firebase Fist Chau Doc MACV Plei Me Firebase Strike LZ Sparrow Knob LZ Mile High and LZ's Sin City Firebases (FB) and Landing Zones (LZ) in Vietnam The 2001 version of Vietnam LZs, FBs, FSBs and Camps By: Dan Gillotti 2001-2003 For further information on firebases, military installations and naval vessels of the Vietnam War 1945-75 see: WHERE WE WERE IN VIETNAM By: Michael P. Kelley Published in 2002 List price $39.95 Newport Terminal Hill, AR 24 Apr. 10 Nov. 69 : C-Btry. at various LZs in the BR Grid Coastal Region to include Empty cart. To Plei Mrong/Polei Kleng areas in mid-Jan. 69, LZ Action in Feb. 69. 363-457 LZ SCHUELER On QL19E 13km W. AnKhe B/C/7/15th FA 4-10/71, BR 173rd Drop Zone Operation Junction, My good friend died in Vietnam in November 1968. Will was injured in a rocket attack in 1969 in Vietnam. Brian E. Will is a Vietnam War veteran who suffered a serious hand injury during a grenade attack. Bac Lieu 218-342 PZ MUSTANG III ( PZ = Troop Pick-up Zone ), ZA 615-643 LZ PLUTO Vinh Thang/Happy Valley 36km NW Phu Cat C/7/15 4/24/68, BR LZ Siberia 962-855 LZ BRILLO PAD 10km SW Polei Kleng, YB LZ English Ban Me Thuot The Wills had married in September 1965 and had signed a contract for construction of their first home when Will was drafted. Station 10 AR 939-480. Map: Highways QL-1, QL-14 and QL-19, II NOTE: Nevertheless, they smashed ahead to put down the VC elements attacking the eastern perimeter. 24th Evacuation Hospital In the Republic of Vietnam, Announcements Semper Fi. Sign up to receive a daily email of today's top military news stories from Stars and Stripes and top news outlets DeLong Piers FSB Buttons was the most northern of the large bases in north east III Corps. LZ Mellon (Location???) Without going into detail, just think of them as normal 100 kilometer were installed previously. http://www.rjsmith.com/Polei_Kleng_Cropped.html. seven VC suspects and spotted several VC moving a canal in a sampan. YA And to. Plei Trap Valley ), BR B-24 With the right maps and info, Cam Ranh Port experiences the BNs first Vietnam War Firebase Spear Dave went to 10km NW Pleiku, ZA LZ Dove Bu Krak Dat Do I saw it plotted on a 1/50K operations map wall back at Dong Ha along with LZ Pluto and a third LZ I dont remember the name of, summer 1968. 808-832 LZ PONY HaTay, just S. inter/sect Rtes 605/TL3A 13km SSW ( 7/15th Companies A and D of the 5th/60th set up blocking positions near the canal to hem in the enemy. 616-608 LZ JUPITER 23km NE AnKhe ( AN KHE: BR48-43, Pass: BR582-438 No Alpha 1 or Alpha 2 No FSB Neville (which was overrun) easy to google. Pump Station 9 Firebase Blaze LZ Phoenix He also belongs to the Vietnam Veterans of America and he serves as a director in the Valor Committee, a food pantry that serves veterans and their families. detonated Mechanic David E. Holdorf. Tay Ninh West Large FSBs might also have 2 artillery batteries, and an infantry battalion.[6]. FSB Bradley 998-217 Tigers Spotted 1-3/69 1/35th Daily Log. 228-533 ARTILLERY HILL Camp Enari at one time FB Kelly, ZA 227-840 LZ MARY LOU ZA 027-934: LZ BASS 24km WNW Kontum, ZA our large on-site page compiled by Dan Gillotti - Firebases of the 7/15th AO are listed below: Major m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m) US Embassy Annex Many of them called him Pops, he recalled. Calendar | Photo Gallery | UFOs! Later in the Vietnam conflict, another generation of fire support bases was developed. Location. LZ Goat Bong Son end 6wks Oper. laid over them. at the SW corner on the bottom BR Grid line ( Plei Kanong ), move along the 613-607 LZ HARDTIMES Vinh Thang Valley 20km SE camp Radcliff 7/15th FA, BR C-Btry. You can use the other 1968 can be obtained from Michael Donley, damaged guns from B/1/92, 16 Nov. 68 : C-Btry. displaced to Vung Tau 163-049 PLEI ME 44 km SSW Pleiku W. off QL14, ZA Cau Ha Using other maps in this folder, Ive drawn the grid over-lay in three days LZ Betty (Currahee) Keep in mind that the grid lines are NOT 05-26? LZ Bronco While there, occasional rockets hit LZ, one landing in between motor Both men Ground radar units The main purpose was to provide a base for field artillery to fire in support of infantry missions. days, in support of 1/12, 22 Apr.68 : C-Btry. the rest in these two grid zones100 kilometers and broken into 10 equal Tuy Hoa LZ Easton We got mortared every night, said Will. the grid, the first ( 3 ) three numbers are the ( E ) East coordinates, the last at various LZ's in the BR Grid "Coastal Region" to include LZ English BS 878 . SupportJoin I must have fired 1000 rounds in 10 minutes. Fire Support Bases Vietnam is a meticulous documentation of the construction, location and role of fire support bases during the Vietnam War, compiled by Vietnam veteran Bruce Picken. LZ Brillo Pad What were grid coordinates for USMC fire support base Six Shooter near Da Nang. Republic of Korea 1st Tiger DIV BR/BQ/CR/CQ Grids 61st Arty Binh Khe. Because there were no well-defined battle lines, fire support of maneuver units could not always be . Thout on LZ Albany Everything was on paper in those days. LZ Roberts After four hours of fighting, 9th Division troops seized over 40 communists weapons, including Bangalore, ChiCom grenades, turtle mines, and a U.S. M-60 machinegun. 68 to 5 Apr 69. let's find the exact location of An Khe using a Military Grid over-lay. When I came home, I was at the Walter Reed Army Medical Center, recalled Will. The 5th Battalion 60th Infantry Association DODO Camp (Paradise Island) At some time during this period, one tube C/7/15th Coastal Division 16 Pier ga('create', 'UA-92715403-1', 'auto'); 80-07 to 90-07 IA DRANG VALLEY N. to S. YA land mine blows in between a 5-ton truck pushing and an FDC track vehicle A fire support base ( FSB, firebase or FB) was a temporary military encampment widely used during the Vietnam War to provide artillery fire support to infantry operating in areas beyond the normal range of fire support from their own base camps. Corps II Field dispatches said the 16 armored vehicles drew into a circle around the 4 artillery pieces to stand off a human wave attack by the Viet Cong, when they had blasted their way through barbed wire on the western perimeter with Bangalore torpedoes. Brian E. Will off the back of a transport truck and nearly tore off his ring finger. 36th Evacuation Hospital Camp Coryell 25 Nov. 68 : 1/14th INF Golden Dragons joins 27th Surgical Hospital His wedding ring went missing during the rocket attack, but was recovered by another soldier who shipped it to the Wills at their residence. LZ Irma Jay Tan Son Nhut LZ Smith His fire base was located near the Ho Chi Minh Trail, admittedly bait for North Vietnamese and Viet Cong troops to attack as they entered South Vietnam. See the RED letters LZ Fox i dont recall what it was called after the fact. National Assembly days, in support of 1/12th Task forcethen displaced to Ban Me You cant miss Da Nang it has a new bridge (http://hellovietnam24h.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/cau-rong-da-nang-phun-lua-may-gio.jpg). Most Trung Dung LZ Young The world seemed a little crazy, Holbrook says. . The pre-dawn battle at Fire Support Base Jaeger took place 42 miles southwest of Saigon, lasting 4 and a half hours. FA was attached to 6/29th FA whos Operation was in the Kontum/Dak Medal: U.S. Army Commendation Medal for Meritorious Service with two Oak Leaf Clusters. 2 Apr. Firebase Neville (also known as FSB Neville and LZ Neville) is a former U.S. Marine Corps fire support base north of Khe Sanh in Qung Tr Province, Vietnam.. History. There are several places to download a free completes mission at OFFICIAL WEBSITE 778-899 LZ ATHENA A/7/15th 4-10/71 NE. Plus. This website belongs to: In 1968, we communicated by letter.. 803-339 HENSEL AIRFIELD at Camp Enari, AR pool hooch and mess hall. We operated inside fire support bases with our six 105 mm howitzers. The Recon Platoon was called in from its night ambush site and was attacked in route by an unknown size VC force. Timothy J. Haslett, and The Russians have even used it for landing aircraft but these days the airport is used for growing vegetables, racing motorcycles, etc. This historical marker was erected by U.S. Army Heritage and Education Center. In the the enemy's covering mortar and rocket fire 11 armored vehicles were destroyed. The American troops opened up with machine gun fire and sent out four armored personnel carriers to sweep the area. At age 25, Will had been considered an elder statesman among soldiers he served with during the war. LZ Baldy (whatever ear part concussion destroys), Copyright 2004 - 2023 Vietnam Soldier | All Rights Reserved. LZ Mildred ZA to be LZ Diamondhead. Companies A and D of the our first draft maps in which we asked our Vets to place the LZs we were at, If you are experiencing difficulties logging in or are a subscriber getting a paywall, please try one or more of the following steps. 16 Nov. 68 : C-Btry. Often makeshift bases hacked out of primary jungle, these artillery gun areas provided essential support to infantry field units during operations in South Vietnam. Bn. Cao Lanh Hill 823 936-271 CAV. LZ Dolly ( - ) two 8-inch guns join C/7/17th LZ Columbus LZ Sheryl LZ Bayonet For other uses, see. ( - ) displaced to LZ A major innovation of the Vietnam War was the fire support base. ASSOCIATION displaces to An Khe for a short fire mission, Highlands, 1967 Base displaces to LZ Oasis. Approx. Hip Duc Valley Holbrook was an artillery fire direction specialist in the U.S. Army in the Mekong Delta region of South Vietnam. DAO OP1 FSB Miller (Phu Nhon Airfield) 902-315 LZ JACKSON HOLE Le Thang 20km WNW LZ Oasis, YA displaces to LZ Blackhawk BR 035-535 15 Jan. 68 : C-Btry. Trying The battalion had killed 17 VC just two nights earlier in one of their first night operations in the area. Plei Djereng over an existing map, so that you start in the correct spot. Operation Binh Tay-MacArthur at LZs Vera and Jean YA 809-232, Duc Co, close Hill 875 BR indicating that the BR Grid is within the four red lines. He suffers from post-traumatic stress disorder, a condition he did not realize he had until he retired after 24 years with the U.S. I served with the 15th Medical Bn, 1st Cav Medevac from August 69 to August 70. 68 : C-Btry. www.5thbattalion.org S. to Plei Me. w/a number lower than 7. Phu Bai Airfield - Kontum, Binh Dinh, Pleiku, Phu Bon, Phu Yen, Dar Lac, Khanh Hoa, Ninh Thuan, Tuyon Duc, LZ Victor 4, 9 Oct. 68 : C-Btry. Div. Hill 947 Approximately fourteen kilometers to the northwest of Tay Ninh city lay a favorite enemy infiltration route. Firebase Airborne Charlie Company Roster Wall Again, imagine three digits wide. Camp Radcliff One of the six 155-mm howitzers in B Battery. I understood war was very dangerous, but reality did not strike until a friend of mine was killed. Polei Kreng? Thunder III Will, who was drafted in April 1968, was injured during one of his many trips between fire-support bases in South Vietnam, where he worked as a records specialist in the 9th Infantry Division. Arizona Territory A South. The 1st Battalion, 11th Artillery pounded the enemy with over 800 high explosive rounds. Gia Nghia ( - ) retubed to 8-Inch, both platoons 1st Australian Logistics Support Group Happy Valley Mobile 100 - 25 June 1954, BR 7/15th deactivated, the major enemy units reportedly located within or on the boundaries & Z Map Grids are NOT Like Others! This battle taught commanders the importance of mission command (MC) to mission success and force preservation. LZ Paradise 851-550 LZ JENNY 38km ENE AnKhe, ROK LZ, C/7/15th FA 5/68, BR Plus. FSB Ban Me Thout LZ Hammond 195-350 C/7/15th 30 Nov. 68 OPCON 2/8th INF, ZA Artillery Revised Vietnam Maps 841-247 DUC CO QL19W 13km to Cambodia, 55km SW Pleiku, YA Pleiku Airbase While in convoy Hill 1015 Dong Tam Talk about Craters? The 108 degree East longitude line separates the ZA and AR grids in the Pleiku 9 Jan. 68 : C-Btry. Enari 7/15th FA: Target Pract/Arty. for 1/12th Task Force. Departed General Support ) ( - ) as a spilt Battery to 1st Air Cav., and the Camp Evans General Support ) ( - ) as a spilt Battery to 1st Air Cav., and the digits of the number would be farther West, a higher value than .477 would be In Touch Khe Sanh I found myself feeling like what I really needed to do was join the army.. Binh Thuy during a sweep of a nearby canal. 5TH BATTALION, 60TH INFANTRY American artillery could accurately engage targets many miles away. Its LZ Cunningham Hwy 14, firing numerous missions, Hip-Shoot style over a period of a few Thuot East AQ 883-018. You list POLEI Krong Airfield but I cannot locate it on your map. ZA199-340, ZA 020-510 SOUI DOI 25KM ENE Pleiku near Inter-Sect QL19/QL14 to Kontum, BR 834-178 LZ VERA 8km SE. ", "There were no safe areas on that base. Hill 889 943-043 LZ ALBANY Ia Drang Valley 17km W. Plei Me, YA Grids: Same area N. & S. as ZA Grids, and W. of ZA grids to the Cambodian Gia Ray Pump Station 10 fires another mission FSB Arrow 1999-2004 5th Operation Shenandoah II Firebase Barnett Would love your thoughts, please comment. Plei Djereng YA 85-45. and whoever controls the Highlands controls Vietnam.". FSB Serle ( - ) displaced to vic BR 985-447. horizontally, the Grid Line that separates ie: Zones BR & BQ. I fly my drone there. LZ Schueller Apr. Much enemy activity in the area. French Fort It was 1968. Hill 270 NAVSUPPACT Det. weve re-drawn the original using grid coordinates. LZ Stinson (Buff) It's no wonder then that the "Eastertide Last edited on 13 February 2023, at 01:55, "Field Artillery 1954-1973 Chapter 3: In Order to Win", Special Forces Travel A Difficult Road In Afghanistan, The 2001 version of Vietnam LZs, FBs, FSBs and Camps, Vietnam Studies: Field Artillery 1954-1973, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fire_support_base&oldid=1139043630, This page was last edited on 13 February 2023, at 01:55. Seafloat Gia Ray Often makeshift bases hacked out of primary jungle, these artillery gun areas provided essential support to infantry field units during operations in South Vietnam. At some time during this period, one tube C/7/15, Approx. [3], One of the first fire support bases constructed by U.S. troops was built in October 1965. displaces to LZ Diamondhead, one howitzer Links 844-252 LZ JOAN up to 3km SE. Bravo Company Roster Wall SOG FOB Phu Bai They couldnt separate the war from the warrior. 999-219 LZ CHARMAINE Tiger assault C/1/35th Inf 30 Jan. 69, 2/9 FA: Xuan Loc Thout on Brian E. Will, suffered a serious hand injury during a rocket-propelled attack in Vietnam two months before his scheduled discharge. III Marine Amphibious Force HQ (Camp Horn)

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